// Module included in the following assemblies:
//
// configuring/assembly-reassign-tool.adoc

[id='proc-changing-topic-replicas-{context}']

= Changing the replication factor of topics

[role="_abstract"]
To change the replication factor of topics in a Kafka cluster, use the `kafka-reassign-partitions.sh` tool. 
This can be done by running the tool from an interactive pod container that is connected to the Kafka cluster, 
and using a reassignment file to describe how the topic replicas should be changed.

This procedure describes a secure process that uses TLS.
You'll need a Kafka cluster that uses TLS encryption and mTLS authentication.

.Prerequisites

* You have a running Kafka cluster based on a `Kafka` resource configured with internal TLS encryption and mTLS authentication.
* You are running an interactive pod container that is connected to the running Kafka broker.
* You have generated a reassignment JSON file named `reassignment.json`.
* You are connected as a `KafkaUser` configured with ACL rules that specify permission to manage the Kafka cluster and its topics.

See xref:proc-generating-reassignment-json-files-{context}[Generating reassignment JSON files].

In this procedure, a topic called `my-topic` has 4 replicas and we want to reduce it to 3. 
A JSON file named `topics.json` specifies the topic, and was used to generate the `reassignment.json` file.

.Example JSON file specifies `my-topic` 
[source,json]
----
{
  "version": 1,
  "topics": [
    { "topic": "my-topic"}
  ]
}
----

.Procedure

. If you haven't done so, xref:proc-generating-reassignment-json-files-{context}[run an interactive pod container to generate a reassignment JSON file] named `reassignment.json`.
+
.Example reassignment JSON file showing the current and proposed replica assignment
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
Current partition replica assignment
{"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"my-topic","partition":0,"replicas":[3,4,2,0],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":1,"replicas":[0,2,3,1],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":2,"replicas":[1,3,0,4],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]}]}

Proposed partition reassignment configuration
{"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"my-topic","partition":0,"replicas":[0,1,2,3],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":1,"replicas":[1,2,3,4],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":2,"replicas":[2,3,4,0],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]}]}
----
+
Save a copy of this file locally in case you need to revert the changes later on.

. Edit the `reassignment.json` to remove a replica from each partition.
+
For example use `jq` to remove the last replica in the list for each partition of the topic:
+
.Removing the last topic replica for each partition
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
jq '.partitions[].replicas |= del(.[-1])' reassignment.json > reassignment.json
----
+
.Example reassignment file showing the updated replicas
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
{"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"my-topic","partition":0,"replicas":[0,1,2],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":1,"replicas":[1,2,3],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]},{"topic":"my-topic","partition":2,"replicas":[2,3,4],"log_dirs":["any","any","any","any"]}]}
----

. Copy the `reassignment.json` file to the interactive pod container.
+
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
kubectl cp reassignment.json _<interactive_pod_name>_:/tmp/reassignment.json
----
+
Replace _<interactive_pod_name>_ with the name of the pod.

. Start a shell process in the interactive pod container.
+
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
kubectl exec -n _<namespace>_ -ti _<interactive_pod_name>_ /bin/bash
+
Replace _<namespace>_ with the Kubernetes namespace where the pod is running.

. Make the topic replica change using the `kafka-reassign-partitions.sh` script from the interactive pod container.
+
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --bootstrap-server
 _<cluster_name>_-kafka-bootstrap:9093 \
 --command-config /tmp/config.properties \
 --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \
 --execute
----
+
NOTE: Removing replicas from a broker does not require any inter-broker data movement, so there is no need to throttle replication.
If you are adding replicas, then you may want to change the throttle rate. 

. Verify that the change to the topic replicas has completed using the `kafka-reassign-partitions.sh` command line tool from any of the broker pods.
This is the same command as the previous step, but with the `--verify` option instead of the `--execute` option.
+
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --bootstrap-server
  _<cluster_name>_-kafka-bootstrap:9093 \
  --command-config /tmp/config.properties \
  --reassignment-json-file /tmp/reassignment.json \
  --verify
----
+
The reassignment has finished when the `--verify` command reports that each of the partitions being moved has completed successfully.
This final `--verify` will also have the effect of removing any reassignment throttles.

. Run the `bin/kafka-topics.sh` command with the `--describe` option to see the results of the change to the topics.
+
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
bin/kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server
  _<cluster_name>_-kafka-bootstrap:9093 \
  --command-config /tmp/config.properties \
  --describe
----
+
.Results of reducing the number of replicas for a topic
[source,shell]
----
my-topic  Partition: 0  Leader: 0  Replicas: 0,1,2 Isr: 0,1,2
my-topic  Partition: 1  Leader: 2  Replicas: 1,2,3 Isr: 1,2,3
my-topic  Partition: 2  Leader: 3  Replicas: 2,3,4 Isr: 2,3,4
----