// Module included in the following assemblies:
//
// deploying/assembly_deploy-standalone-operators.adoc

[id='deploying-the-topic-operator-standalone-{context}']
= Deploying the standalone Topic Operator

[role="_abstract"]
This procedure shows how to deploy the Topic Operator as a standalone component for topic management.
You can use a standalone Topic Operator with a Kafka cluster that is not managed by the Cluster Operator.

Standalone deployment files are provided with Strimzi.
Use the `05-Deployment-strimzi-topic-operator.yaml` deployment file to deploy the Topic Operator.
Add or set the environment variables needed to make a connection to a Kafka cluster.

The Topic Operator watches for `KafkaTopic` resources in a single namespace.
You specify the namespace to watch, and the connection to the Kafka cluster, in the Topic Operator configuration.
A single Topic Operator can watch a single namespace. 
One namespace should be watched by only one Topic Operator.
If you want to use more than one Topic Operator, configure each of them to watch different namespaces.
In this way, you can use Topic Operators with multiple Kafka clusters.  

.Prerequisites

* The standalone Topic Operator deployment files, which are included in the Strimzi xref:downloads-{context}[deployment files].
* You are running a Kafka cluster for the Topic Operator to connect to.
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As long as the standalone Topic Operator is correctly configured for connection,
the Kafka cluster can be running on a bare-metal environment, a virtual machine, or as a managed cloud application service.

.Procedure

. Edit the `env` properties in the `install/topic-operator/05-Deployment-strimzi-topic-operator.yaml` standalone deployment file.
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.Example standalone Topic Operator deployment configuration
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: strimzi-topic-operator
  labels:
    app: strimzi
spec:
  # ...
  template:
    # ...
    spec:
      # ...
      containers:
        - name: strimzi-topic-operator
          # ...
          env:
            - name: STRIMZI_NAMESPACE # <1>
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
            - name: STRIMZI_KAFKA_BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS # <2>
              value: my-kafka-bootstrap-address:9092
            - name: STRIMZI_RESOURCE_LABELS # <3>
              value: "strimzi.io/cluster=my-cluster"
            - name: STRIMZI_FULL_RECONCILIATION_INTERVAL_MS # <4>
              value: "120000"
            - name: STRIMZI_LOG_LEVEL # <5>
              value: INFO
            - name: STRIMZI_TLS_ENABLED # <6>
              value: "false"
            - name: STRIMZI_JAVA_OPTS # <7>
              value: "-Xmx=512M -Xms=256M"
            - name: STRIMZI_JAVA_SYSTEM_PROPERTIES # <8>
              value: "-Djavax.net.debug=verbose -DpropertyName=value"
            - name: STRIMZI_PUBLIC_CA # <9>
              value: "false"
            - name: STRIMZI_TLS_AUTH_ENABLED # <10>
              value: "false"
            - name: STRIMZI_SASL_ENABLED # <11>
              value: "false"
            - name: STRIMZI_SASL_USERNAME # <12>
              value: "admin"
            - name: STRIMZI_SASL_PASSWORD # <13>
              value: "password"
            - name: STRIMZI_SASL_MECHANISM # <14>
              value: "scram-sha-512"
            - name: STRIMZI_SECURITY_PROTOCOL # <15>
              value: "SSL"
            - name: STRIMZI_USE_FINALIZERS
              value: "false" # <16>
----
<1> The Kubernetes namespace for the Topic Operator to watch for `KafkaTopic` resources. Specify the namespace of the Kafka cluster.
<2> The host and port pair of the bootstrap broker address to discover and connect to all brokers in the Kafka cluster.
Use a comma-separated list to specify two or three broker addresses in case a server is down.
<3> The label to identify the `KafkaTopic` resources managed by the Topic Operator.
This does not have to be the name of the Kafka cluster.
It can be the label assigned to the `KafkaTopic` resource.
If you deploy more than one Topic Operator, the labels must be unique for each.
That is, the operators cannot manage the same resources.
<4> The interval between periodic reconciliations, in milliseconds.
The default is `120000` (2 minutes).
<5> The level for printing logging messages.
You can set the level to `ERROR`, `WARNING`, `INFO`, `DEBUG`, or `TRACE`.
<6> Enables TLS support for encrypted communication with the Kafka brokers.
<7> (Optional) The Java options used by the JVM running the Topic Operator.
<8> (Optional) The debugging (`-D`) options set for the Topic Operator.
<9> (Optional) Skips the generation of trust store certificates if TLS is enabled through `STRIMZI_TLS_ENABLED`. If this environment variable is enabled, the brokers must use a public trusted certificate authority for their TLS certificates.
The default is `false`.
<10> (Optional) Generates key store certificates for mTLS authentication. Setting this to `false` disables client authentication with mTLS to the Kafka brokers.
The default is `true`.
<11> (Optional) Enables SASL support for client authentication when connecting to Kafka brokers.
The default is `false`.
<12> (Optional) The SASL username for client authentication.
Mandatory only if SASL is enabled through `STRIMZI_SASL_ENABLED`.
<13> (Optional) The SASL password for client authentication.
Mandatory only if SASL is enabled through `STRIMZI_SASL_ENABLED`.
<14> (Optional) The SASL mechanism for client authentication.
Mandatory only if SASL is enabled through `STRIMZI_SASL_ENABLED`.
You can set the value to `plain`, `scram-sha-256`, or `scram-sha-512`.
<15> (Optional) The security protocol used for communication with Kafka brokers.
The default value is "PLAINTEXT".
You can set the value to `PLAINTEXT`, `SSL`, `SASL_PLAINTEXT`, or `SASL_SSL`.
<16> Set `STRIMZI_USE_FINALIZERS` to `false` if you do not want to use finalizers to control xref:con-deleting-managed-topics-{context}[topic deletion].

. If you want to connect to Kafka brokers that are using certificates from a public certificate authority, set `STRIMZI_PUBLIC_CA` to `true`. Set this property to `true`, for example, if you are using Amazon AWS MSK service.
. If you enabled mTLS with the `STRIMZI_TLS_ENABLED` environment variable, specify the keystore and truststore used to authenticate connection to the Kafka cluster.
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.Example mTLS configuration
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
# ....
env:
  - name: STRIMZI_TRUSTSTORE_LOCATION # <1>
    value: "/path/to/truststore.p12"
  - name: STRIMZI_TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD # <2>
    value: "__TRUSTSTORE-PASSWORD__"
  - name: STRIMZI_KEYSTORE_LOCATION # <3>
    value: "/path/to/keystore.p12"
  - name: STRIMZI_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD # <4>
    value: "__KEYSTORE-PASSWORD__"
# ...
----
<1> The truststore contains the public keys of the Certificate Authorities used to sign the Kafka and ZooKeeper server certificates.
<2> The password for accessing the truststore.
<3> The keystore contains the private key for mTLS authentication.
<4> The password for accessing the keystore.

. If you need to configure custom SASL authentication, you can define the necessary authentication properties using the `STRIMZI_SASL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_JSON` environment variable for the standalone operator.
For example, this configuration may be used for accessing a Kafka cluster in a cloud provider with a custom login module like the link:https://github.com/aws/aws-msk-iam-auth[Amazon MSK Library for AWS Identity and Access Management^] (`aws-msk_iam-auth`).
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The property `STRIMZI_ALTERABLE_TOPIC_CONFIG` defaults to `ALL`, allowing all `.spec.config` properties to be set in the `KafkaTopic` resource.  
If this setting is not suitable for a managed Kafka service, do as follows:
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--
* If only a subset of properties is configurable, list them as comma-separated values.
* If no  properties are to be configured, use `NONE`, which is equivalent to an empty property list.
--
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NOTE:  Only Kafka configuration properties starting with `sasl.` can be set with the `STRIMZI_SASL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_JSON` environment variable.
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.Example custom SASL configuration
[source,shell,subs=+quotes]
----
# ....
env:
  - name: STRIMZI_SASL_ENABLED
    value: "true"
  - name: STRIMZI_SECURITY_PROTOCOL
    value: SASL_SSL
  - name: STRIMZI_SKIP_CLUSTER_CONFIG_REVIEW # <1>
    value: "true"
  - name: STRIMZI_ALTERABLE_TOPIC_CONFIG # <2>
    value: compression.type, max.message.bytes, message.timestamp.difference.max.ms, message.timestamp.type, retention.bytes, retention.ms
  - name: STRIMZI_SASL_CUSTOM_CONFIG_JSON # <3>
    value: |
      {
        "sasl.mechanism": "AWS_MSK_IAM",
        "sasl.jaas.config": "software.amazon.msk.auth.iam.IAMLoginModule required;",
        "sasl.client.callback.handler.class": "software.amazon.msk.auth.iam.IAMClientCallbackHandler"
      }
  - name: STRIMZI_PUBLIC_CA
    value: "true"
  - name: STRIMZI_TRUSTSTORE_LOCATION
    value: /etc/pki/java/cacerts
  - name: STRIMZI_TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD
    value: changeit
  - name: STRIMZI_KAFKA_BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS
    value: my-kafka-cluster-.kafka-serverless.us-east-1.amazonaws.com:9098
# ...
----
<1> Disables cluster configuration lookup for managed Kafka services that don't allow topic configuration changes.
<2> Defines the topic configuration properties that can be updated based on the limitations set by managed Kafka services.
<3> Specifies the SASL properties to be set in JSON format. Only properties starting with `sasl.` are allowed.
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.Example Dockerfile with external jars
[source,shell,subs="+quotes,attributes"]
----
FROM {DockerTopicOperator}

USER root

RUN mkdir -p ${STRIMZI_HOME}/external-libs
RUN chmod +rx ${STRIMZI_HOME}/external-libs

COPY ./aws-msk-iam-auth-and-dependencies/* ${STRIMZI_HOME}/external-libs/
ENV JAVA_CLASSPATH=${STRIMZI_HOME}/external-libs/*

USER 1001
----

. Apply the changes to the `Deployment` configuration to deploy the Topic Operator.

. Check the status of the deployment:
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[source,shell,subs="+quotes"]
----
kubectl get deployments
----
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.Output shows the deployment name and readiness
[source,shell,subs="+quotes"]
----
NAME                    READY  UP-TO-DATE  AVAILABLE
strimzi-topic-operator  1/1    1           1
----
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`READY` shows the number of replicas that are ready/expected.
The deployment is successful when the `AVAILABLE` output shows `1`.
